In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
In another bowl, beat the buttermilk, eggs, melted butter, and vanilla extract until well combined.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients and stir until just combined. Do not overmix.
Heat a griddle or large skillet over medium heat and lightly grease it with butter or oil.
Pour ¼ cup of batter onto the griddle for each pancake. Cook until bubbles form on the surface and the edges look set, about 2-3 minutes. Flip and cook until golden brown on the other side, about 1-2 minutes more.